高考英语辅导-凯发k8国际首页登录
来源:学大教育 时间:2016-01-28
动词和动词短语考点讲解,因此老师及家长请认真阅读,关注孩子的成长。
动词的用法集锦
一、实义动词的用法实义动词词义完整,能独立作谓语,可分成及物动词和不及物动词。
1.及物动词后面必须跟宾语mr. smith gave——for her birthday.
史密斯先生给了他妻子20英镑过生日。
we have friends all over the world我们的朋友遍天下。
children and young people like_________________孩子和年轻人喜欢亮丽的颜色。
2.不及物动词后面不跟宾语most shops in britain open at 9:00 a.mand close at5:00 0r 5:30 in the evening.
英国大部分商店上午九点开门,晚上五点或五点半关门。
george's father——.乔治的爸爸住在那里。
the examination ended at 11:30a.m.
考试于上午十一点半结束。
3.特殊实义动词很多英语动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词。如:
close, begin, study, leave, work等。-the post office closes at 9:00 n m.邮局晚上九点关门。
___,please.请关窗。
he_ ___ .他在一家超市工作。
she— on h40ndays.
她每星期一操作这台机器。
二、三种连系动词的差异
连系动词不能单独充当句子成分,必须和它后面的表语一起构成句子的谓语部分。根据其意义,连系动词的用法不尽相同,但按类型可以分。为以下三类:
1.以be为代表的,用来表示主语“特征”和“状态”的动词,有seem,look,appear,prove,sound,taste,smell,feel等。后面跟形容词、分词、介词短语,有的还可以跟名词、不定式或从句作表语。例如:
the food smells inviting.(现在分词)don't be excited.(过去分词)he appeared to be frienclly to us.(不定式)you look pale what's、nrong?(形容词)your solution proved(tc, be) effective.(不定式to be可省略)his voice sounds like tlnat of a wolf.(介词短语)the book is of much value.(介词短语)the meat tastes as if it has gone bad.(表语从句)i' seems that' am to blame for all this.(表语从句2.以become为代表的,用来描述主语变化的动词,ge‘,com。,fall,go,grow,make,run,turn等。后面要跟形容词或分词作表语。become和turn的后面还可j跟名词作表语。例如:
after graduation, he became a doctor in a middle-si;hospital.(名词)your dream will come true one day.(形容词)food goes bad easily in.summer.(形容词)truth never grows old.,(形容词)rhey bave got accustomed tothe life here(过去分词)比较:he became a wr;iter later.(有冠词)he tumed writerr later.(无冠词)注意:当become的后面』跟可数名词单数形式作表语时,名词的前面要加不定冠词,tum后面的单数可数名词前不能加不定冠词。
3-以keep为代表的,用来表示主语保持某种特征和状态的动词,有r emain,stay,continue。
keep后面主要跟形容词、副词和介词短语。例如:
you must keep calm in an emergency.
keep away from the fire, childrenwe will keep in touch with you.
.remaln后面主要跟名词、形容词、副词、分词、介词短语和不定式to be。例如:
we must always remain modest in spite of what wehave achieved.
stay和contlnue后主要跟形容词作表语。
the weather continued damp and wet.
三、助动词
助动词指的是那些用来构成疑问、否定以及多种时态、语态的结构词。如:be( am,1s,are,was,were,etc),have( has, had), do( does, did), will( would), shall( should),这些助动词不能单独作谓语,必须和主要动词一起构成谓语部分。
1.be用来构成进行时态、将来时态和被动语态。例如:
english is widely spoken all over the world;(一般现在时的被动语态)the problem (正在被讨论)this morning.
(过去进行时的被动语态)we are to hold the opening ceremony next week(将来时,表示安排好的将来)2 have用来构成完成时态。例如:
they had lived there for ten years when i came.(过去完成时)you have to write the composition again, for thercare so many mistakes in it3.do用来构成疑问句、陈述句,可以用在否定句、祈使句中加强语气,可以用来替代前面出现的动词,以避免重复。例如:
what did you think of the concert7(一般过去时的疑问句)they didn't accept my offer of help.(一般过去时的否定句) ’
the car did run very slowly, but it was faster than abike.(陈述句加强语气)do come early next time.(祈使句加强语气)you don't adore football, but l do.(替代adore)he spent more time on english than he did on math.
(替代spent time)
4.will和shall用来构成将来时,可以用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。shall只能用于第一人称,will可以用于各种人称。它们的过去式为should和would,用来构成过去将来时。例如:
we shall look into the case be patient.(一般将来时)he will finish his job ahead of time.(一般将来时)he asked me if i would attend his wedding party.(过去将来时)